Elements of 4D_Kristina

Elements of 4D

Time:

In the article about time, it discussed the different types of time and their definitions. Time itself is described as a progression of events and existence from the past, through the present, and into the future. It also mentioned that time refers to change. The article talked about the difference between Measured time and Experienced time. Measured time is quantitatively measured by regularly recurring events or intervals while Experienced time is qualitatively measured and takes into consideration the significance of an event to a given individual. Running time refers to the total length of a live event or a video, also known as "play time". Plot time represents the span of time the plot covers within a work. Biological time is the measure of time related to bodily functions. Digital time is measured in milliseconds and often associated with technology and elicits intense awareness of time. All of these definitions give a name to the way we view time in our everyday lives. All of these different elements of time can be used or manipulated by artists in time based media. 

An example of a time based art piece is William Kentridge's 2012 " The Refusal of Time."  It is a 30 minute, black and white, 5 channel digital video instillation. It is jointly owned by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. It is a meditation on time and space, the complex legacies of colonialism and industry, and the artist's intellectual life. 

I like the mixture of objects and video in this installation. I also like that its on 5 separate panels all at once.

Sound: 

In this article, it discussed sound and how it can be characterized and categorized. Sound is vibration that can be perceived by the ear. Silence is the opposite of sound, it is the perceived absence of sound. Silence can amplify smaller sounds and it also can imply loneliness or death. Artist John Cage said "There is no such thing as true silence." There are 3 parts of every sound. The attack, the sustain, and the decay. The attack is the time between the start of the sound and when it reaches its peak. Sustain is the amount of time before it decays or falls-off. Decay is the amount of time it takes a sound to diminish to silence from its sustain state. The attack and decay of a sound communicate important information to the listener, such as distance from and speed of the source of the sound. Synchronous sounds are those that are timed to their source on-screen or within a designed performance space. Nonsynchronous sounds play on-screen or onstage while their source is not currently visible but their source has been, or soon will be visible. 

A piece of sound are is John Cage's 4'33". This piece is 4 minutes and 33 seconds of silence. It was inspired by Cage's visit to Harvard's anechoic chamber. While in there, Cage discovered that he could hear his own heartbeat. This is why cage has stated before that there isn't any such thing as true silence. Cage once said, "Until I die, there will be sounds."  

Movement:

In this article, it discussed movement. Movement is a shift or variation in the location of an object, light, or sound. Shape, space, levels of space, balance, energy dynamics, weight, and gestures can all affect movement. Successional movement leads the viewer's eye in one direction while oppositional movement contrasts that with a clash of forces that lead the eye in a different direction. Stillness is the opposite of movement. Movement, like sound, has 3 distinct parts. Attack, sustain, and decay. During the onset of movement, there is often a squashing or recoiling of the object/figure into its base of support. Good animators know including this movement make their creations more life-like. Center of gravity can also affect movement. The center of gravity is the center of the mass in an environment of uniform gravity. When you have a lower center of gravity, you are more stable. When you have a higher center of gravity, you are more unbalanced. 

An example of motion used in art is Naum Gabo's "Standing Wave." It is made of a steel rod emerging from a wooden box. In the box is a hidden motor that when activated, oscillates the rod and makes the rod appear to be a twisting 3-dementional shape.